SOLVED!!!!!!!!!
I had completely forgotten there were two firmware packages Debian failed to find when installing. One of them is "iwlwifi" (full name
iwlwifi-6000g2b-6.ucode; still don't know what the other package is for, but it's called
rtl.nic/rtl8168e-3.fw) and the four steps given in
http://wiki.debian.org/iwlwifi and pasted below solved the problem directly.
1. Add a "non-free" component to /etc/apt/sources.list, for example (for Debian 7 "Wheezy):
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deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ wheezy main contrib non-free
2. Update the list of available packages and install the firmware-iwlwifi package:
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# apt-get update && apt-get install firmware-iwlwifi
3. As the iwlwifi module is automatically loaded for supported devices, reinsert this module to access installed firmware:
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# modprobe -r iwlwifi ; modprobe iwlwifi
4. Configure your wireless interface as appropriate.
So I basically misled you by saying I screwed the connection up. What it for sure happened is that
I had never had the wireless connection working in this fresh installation, while I remembered to have had it because I keep an old, similar but corrupted OS in another partition where wifi was not a problem, It's not at all the first time I deal with these two packages, but as I used to install them right away this trouble never showed up before.
Even though for that reason I cannot say your help, guys, was a hit on the nail's head, it contained the right keywords for a successful search, and the tip of a bunch of commands I had no idea they were there. Thanks so much for your help. Best regards.
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PS: I think it could help someone to highlight these two commands I found on the way and were useful to me. The first confirmed that I haven't blocked wifi by hardware; and the second told me Debian was not recognizing the wifi card either, as Rex Bouwense told me (and many other details such as wifi card model).
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# rfkill list all
# lshw -C network